How to culture blackworms at home

Blackworms (Lumbriculus variegatus) are the richest live food most of us can keep, and the culture is just a shallow tray of water on a shelf. Ignore the fridge advice you will read from overseas lab suppliers — that is for storing worms still. Growing them happens at room temperature; the thing that kills blackworms in South Africa is a hot summer room, not a cool one.

Live blackworms (Lumbriculus variegatus) in a shallow aquarium tray

Photo: Coughdrop12, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

The tray setup

  • A shallow tray, tub or small tank
  • 5–8 cm of dechlorinated water (aged tap or spring water)
  • Brown paper strips, rinsed gravel or coarse sand to anchor in
  • An airstone and small air pump
  • Food: sinking pellets, blanched spinach or spirulina

The worms live half-buried, tails waving in the current to breathe — that waving is also what makes fish hunt them so eagerly. Keep the tray out of direct sun, in the coolest room you have.

Temperature: room temperature, with a ceiling

Culture at ±20–24 °C. Production actually improves as the water warms toward that range — but never let it sit above 25 °C, and sustained heat over ±27 °C will kill a culture. On hot summer days, float a frozen water bottle in the tray and move it to the coolest room in the house.

A fridge is only for holding worms you are about to feed, to keep them still and slow. Worms being grown out belong on the shelf.

Feeding, water changes and harvesting

Feed little: a sinking pellet or a small piece of blanched spinach, only as fast as it disappears. Overfeeding rots the water and is the fastest way to crash a tray.

Change most of the water every 1–2 weeks — sooner the moment it clouds — using same-temperature dechlorinated water, and refresh the paper as it disintegrates. To harvest, swirl the substrate, let the worms ball up, and lift them out with a pipette or small net. Rinse before feeding.

As with every culture on this site: once the tray is producing, split it. A second tray is your insurance against a hot weekend or a fouled water change.

Video guides: watch it done

Prefer to see it before you try it? These third-party videos walk through the same culture, step by step. (Overseas setups may differ slightly — follow the advice on this page for our cultures and conditions.)

How to Culture Live Blackworms - Best Live Food for Adult Fish
Blake's Aquatics · Watch on YouTube ↗
I Produced THOUSANDS of Blackworms!
Aquarimax Pets · Watch on YouTube ↗

Need the starter culture?

Live blackworms (Lumbriculus variegatus) in a shallow aquarium tray

Blackworms

Out of stock

Lumbriculus variegatus

A meaty aquatic worm that adult fish go mad for — currently out of stock

Size±30–60 mm long, very thin
Culture inShallow tray, water over gravel/paper
TemperatureRoom temp ±20–24 °C; keep below 25 °C
DifficultyModerate — heat is the enemy, rinse regularly

R350 · 50 worms

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